Breast Cancer Awareness Month: Knowing Your Normal and When to See Your GP
Last updated: October 25, 2026
Learn what breast awareness means, which changes are worth checking, and who can have a free BreastScreen mammogram.
Breast awareness means knowing how your breasts normally look and feel, so you can see your GP about anything new. There is no single right way to check. Women aged 50 to 74 are invited to a free BreastScreen mammogram every two years, and women aged 40 to 49 or 75 and over can also attend.
October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month. This guide covers how to get to know your breasts, which changes are worth checking, and how screening fits in.
How common is breast cancer in Australia?
It is estimated that around 20,100 women and 200 men were diagnosed with breast cancer in Australia in 2025, based on AIHW data. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australian women, and the lifetime risk is about 1 in 7 for women.
Risk increases with age, and the same data shows about 80% of new cases in women are in those aged over 50. Breast cancer can affect younger women too.
What does being breast aware mean?
Cancer Australia describes breast awareness as getting to know the normal look and feel of your breasts as part of everyday activities, such as showering, dressing, putting on body lotion or looking in the mirror. You do not need a special technique.
Some practical ideas:
- Look and feel regularly. Use a mirror, and notice how your breasts feel standing, lying down or in the shower.
- Check at different times of the month. Breasts can feel different around your period.
- Find what works for you. Choose the position and routine that is easiest to keep up.
Which breast changes are worth checking?
See your GP if you notice something new or unusual for you, such as:
- A new lump or lumpiness, especially if it is only in one breast
- A change in the size or shape of a breast
- Skin changes, such as dimpling or redness
- Nipple changes, such as crusting, redness, inversion or discharge without squeezing
- An unusual pain that does not go away
Nine out of ten breast changes are not due to cancer, but it is important to have changes checked. If you find one, do not wait for your next screen. Book an appointment.
Who can have a free BreastScreen mammogram?
BreastScreen Australia invites women aged 50 to 74 to have a free mammogram every two years. Women aged 40 to 49 and 75 and over can also have a free mammogram, but do not receive an invitation. You do not need a referral, and you can book through BreastScreen on 13 20 50.
Screening is for people without breast symptoms. If you have noticed a change, see your GP rather than waiting for a screening appointment.
Screening has benefits and downsides, and Cancer Australia advises that women aged 40 to 49 or 75 and over weigh these up for themselves. Your GP can help you think it through.
Does a family history of breast cancer matter?
It can, and your GP can talk through your own risk. At the same time, many women diagnosed with breast cancer do not have a family history, so not having one does not mean there is no risk. Awareness and screening matter for everyone.
Talk to an FMP GP about your breast health
Noticed a change, or not sure where to start? We would rather you get it checked. Our women’s health service can help, and you can read about our wider General Services. Book at Kirrawee, Woolooware or Kurnell.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need a referral for a BreastScreen mammogram?
No. Eligible women can book directly with BreastScreen on 13 20 50.
Is a lump always breast cancer?
No. Most breast changes are not caused by cancer, but any new or unusual change is worth having checked by your GP.
Can men get breast cancer?
Yes, though it is much less common. Men who notice a lump or change in the chest should see their GP.
What if I have symptoms but am due for a mammogram soon?
See your GP now. Screening mammograms are designed for people without symptoms, so a change needs to be assessed rather than waiting.
This article is for general information only and does not replace professional medical advice. Please speak with your GP before making any changes to your health care.
